Water Resource Social Study Chapter Solutions NCERT
1. What is water scarcity?
Answer :
Water scarcity is a situation in which the available water can’t meet our requirement.
2. What does water stress occur according to Falken Mark?
Answer :
According to Falken Mark , a Swedish expert , water stress occurs when water availability is less then 1000 m3 per person per day.
3. Explain various causes of water scarity?
Answer :
- Population growth
- Industrialization
- Urbanization
4. What are the objectives of conserving water resources?
Answer :
- To safeguard ourselves from health hazards.
- To ensure natural ecosystems are not degraded.
- Water resources are polluted and need to be conserved to meet the peoples need.
- Also it is required to meet the demand of increasing population.
5. Why did Pandit Jawaharlal Neheru proclaim the dam as the temples of modern India?
Answer :
Jawaharlal neheru proudly proclaimed the dams as the ‘temples of modern India’ the reason being that it would integrate development of agriculture and the village economy with rapid industrialization and growth of Indian economy.
6. why multipurpose projects and dams have come under great scrutiny and opposition
Answer :
- Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sedimentation flow and excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the reserviour resulting in rockier stream beds and poorer habitats for equatic life.
- Dams also fragment river making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate,especially for spurning.
- The reservoir that are created on footplains also submerge the existing vegetation and soil leading to the decomposition over a period of time.
The dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sestimentation in the warrior.
7. How was water conserved in different regions?
Answer :
- In hill and mountains regions, people built diversion channel like the 'guls' and 'kuls' of the western Himalayas for agriculture.
- ‘Rooftop rainwater harvesting ‘ was commonly practiced to store chinting water, particularly on Rajasthan.
- In the flood plains of Bengal, people developed inundation channels to irrigate their field.
- In avid and semi avid regions, agricultural fields were converted into rain fed storage structures that allowed the siol water to stand and moisture the soil like the ‘thadins’ in Jahalmer and ‘Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan.
Rainwater or palarpani is considered the present farm of natural water in Rajasthan.
